---
title: Refine
 | Developer Documentation
---

If you’re opening this Notebook on colab, you will probably need to install LlamaIndex 🦙.

```
%pip install llama-index-llms-openai
```

```
!pip install llama-index
```

### Download Data

```
!mkdir -p 'data/paul_graham/'
!wget 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/run-llama/llama_index/main/docs/examples/data/paul_graham/paul_graham_essay.txt' -O 'data/paul_graham/paul_graham_essay.txt'
```

## Load Data

```
from llama_index.core import SimpleDirectoryReader
```

```
reader = SimpleDirectoryReader(
    input_files=["./data/paul_graham/paul_graham_essay.txt"]
)
```

```
docs = reader.load_data()
```

```
text = docs[0].text
```

## Summarize

```
from llama_index.llms.openai import OpenAI


llm = OpenAI(model="gpt-3.5-turbo")
```

```
from llama_index.core.response_synthesizers import Refine


summarizer = Refine(llm=llm, verbose=True)
```

```
response = summarizer.get_response("who is Paul Graham?", [text])
```

```
> Refine context: making fakes for a local antique dealer. She'd ...
> Refine context: look legit, and the key to looking legit is hig...
> Refine context: me 8 years to realize it. Even then it took me ...
> Refine context: was one thing rarer than Rtm offering advice, i...
```

```
print(response)
```

```
Paul Graham is an individual who has played a crucial role in shaping the internet infrastructure and has also pursued a career as a writer. At one point, he received advice from a friend that urged him not to let Y Combinator be his final noteworthy achievement. This advice prompted him to reflect on his future with Y Combinator and ultimately led him to pass on the responsibility to others. He approached Jessica and Sam Altman to assume leadership positions in Y Combinator, aiming to secure its continued success.
```